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De Akkermolen
De Akkermolen ((:də ˈɑkərˌmoːlən); (英語:The Field Mill)) is a 17th-century windmill in Zundert, Netherlands. Built around 1605 to replace an earlier windmill, it was used a as gristmill until it was severely damaged in 1950. The mill was bought by the local government and restored in 1961, and it was listed as a national heritage site in 1974.
== History ==
An earlier windmill had existed on the same location and was mentioned in 1557 as "the mill in the Sundertsch Field" (''de molen in de Sundertsche Akker''), and this earlier windmill was in its turn a replacement of a nearby watermill, ''De Poelmolen'', which was mentioned in 1438.〔 The earlier windmill was destroyed in 1584 by Spanish troops and the building of a new mill took several years. The new windmill was first mentioned in 1605.
The mill was owned by the margrave of Bergen op Zoom and was a ''banmolen'' (nl), meaning peasants in the locality were obligated to use this mill to grind their wheat.〔〔 In 1794 it became property of William V, Prince of Orange and baron of Breda.〔〔 ''Banmolens'' were taken out of common law during the French revolution, meaning that people could choose where they wanted to grind their wheat, and in 1830 the mill became private property.〔 The mill was in constant use as a gristmill until the wooden windshaft broke in 1950, which caused the sails to crash into the ground, making the future of the mill uncertain.〔 The mill was bought in 1959 by the municipal government of Zundert and restored in 1961. It ceased to be an active gristmill, but was in functioning order.〔 The mill needed another restoration in 1991 when it was taken apart and rebuilt.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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